Smedley Butler

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    Smedley Butler
    July 30, 1881(1881-07-30) – June 21, 1940(1940-06-21) (aged 58)

    Smedley D. Butler
    Nickname "Old Gimlet Eye"
    "The Fighting Quaker"
    "Old Duckboard"
    Place of birth West Chester, Pennsylvania
    Place of death Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    Place of burial Oaklands Cemetery West Chester, Pennsylvania
    Allegiance United States of America
    Service/branch United States Marine Corps
    Years of service 1898–1931
    Rank Major General
    Commands held 13th Marine Regiment
    Marine Expeditionary Force, China
    Battles/wars Spanish-American War
    Philippine-American War



    Smedley Darlington Butler (July 30, 1881 – June 21, 1940), nicknamed "The Fighting Quaker" and "Old Gimlet Eye", was a Major General in the U.S. Marine Corps, and at the time of his death the most decorated Marine in U.S. history. During his 34-year career as a Marine, he participated in military actions in the Philippines, China, in Central America and the Caribbean during the Banana Wars, and France in World War I. By the end of his career he had received 16 medals, five of which were for heroism. He is one of 19 people to twice receive the Medal of Honor, one of three to be awarded both the Marine Corps Brevet Medal and the Medal of Honor, and the only person to be awarded the Brevet Medal and two Medals of Honor, all for separate actions.

    In addition to his military achievements, he served as the Director of Public Safety in Philadelphia for two years and was an outspoken critic of U.S. military adventurism. In his 1935 book War is a Racket, he described the workings of the military-industrial complex and, after retiring from service, became a popular speaker at meetings organized by veterans, pacifists and church groups in the 1930s.

    In 1934 he was involved in a controversy known as the Business Plot when he told a congressional committee that a group of wealthy industrialists had approached him to lead a military coup to overthrow Franklin D. Roosevelt. The individuals that were involved denied the existence of a plot, and the media ridiculed the allegations. The final report of the committee stated that there was evidence that such a plot existed, but no charges were ever filed. The opinion of most historians is that while planning for a coup was not very advanced, wild schemes were discussed.

    Butler continued his speaking engagements in an extended tour but in June 1940 checked himself into a naval hospital, dying a few weeks later from what was believed to be cancer. He was buried at Oaklands Cemetery in West Chester, Pennsylvania; his home has been maintained as a memorial and contains memorabilia collected during his various careers.

    Battle of Noveleta
    Boxer Rebellion

    Battle of Tientsin
    Battle of San Tan Pating
    Banana Wars


    Siege of Granada
    Battle of Coyotepe Hill
    Infiltration of Mexico City
    Battle of Fort Dipitie
    Battle of Fort Riviere
    Mexican Revolution

    Battle of Veracruz
    World War I


    Western Front

    Awards Medal of Honor (2)
    Marine Corps Brevet Medal
    Army Distinguished Service Medal
    Navy Distinguished Service Medal
    French Order of the Black Star
    Other work Coal miner, Author, Public speaker, Director of Public Safety (Philadelphia) (1924–1925)

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smedley_Butler
     
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