Straw purchase - AKA federal crime. It is illegal to submit a false background check. The application asks you if your 'buying this gun for yourself'.
The FFL may look at the name on the credit card order and not release it.
Just Sayin'
He's not asking if it's legal for someone to fill out the 4473 and buy the firearm for him, he's asking if he can fill out the 4473, get approved, and use someone else's credit card to pay for the purchase. There is no cut and dry law on this, but I wouldn't do it, for the sake of giving everyone headaches.
I am not an expert, but I disagree with everyone in this thread. What possible difference could it make, who's bank account the money goes through? There is nothing anywhere in the law that mentions it. As long as the person who will own the gun is the person who fills out the 4473, and it is filled out honestly and correctly, you should be good to go.
That being said, a prepaid visa from walgreens would eliminate the need to ask this question.
Then you didn't read the entire thread, because I said it doesn't matter earlier.
Apologies for over-generalizing.
sensitivity edit* I disagree with what appears to be the consensus of this thread, but not with Dave M.
You also forgot SVTFreak and whitsend; That's 3 out of 4 posters besides yourself and the OP.
Tell me again how you read everything...
As long as the person filling out the 4473 is the actual person that the gun is for it makes sense that the ATF would care a less who or what entity pays for the gun. Im sure the ATF could care a less if gunshops were giving away guns, as long as the person providing the info on the form is the person who the gun is intended for.
Law is all about intention. If you dont think so, study up on it.
Intention can be hard to know.
Let's take the online piece out of the equation.
You and I walk into a LGS, we look at several guns and pick one out for you. As you start filling out the 4473 I pull out my wallet and get the cash to pay for the gun.
If you are the intended recipient of the gun we are legal, but the clerk/owner of the LGS doesn't know if I am just paying for the gun for you, or if you are just filling out the 4473 for me. The clerk/owner may then not sell the gun because it looks like it may be a straw purchase.
The same is true of the original scenario, while legal as described, it could look suspect and cause the FFL dealer to not go through with the transaction.